Graph transformations

What you'll learn

1. 1

   Imagine a green squiggle drawn on a rubber sheet. When you stretch or squash the sheet, the squiggle changes shape — that's a transformation!

2. 2

   What does a graph transformation do to the original graph?

3. 3

   Let's transform y = x² by adding 3 outside: y = x² + 3

4. 4

   Drag the graph y = x² up by 2 units to see the new curve y = x² + 2.

5. 5

   If you have y = x² and you change it to y = x² + 5, what happens?

6. 6

   Now try a horizontal shift: y = (x - 2)²

7. 7

   What shift does y = (x + 4)² give?