PhysicsYears 12–13Thermal Physics

Thermal physics

Understand thermal energy transfer, ideal gas laws, molecular kinetic theory and specific heat capacity

What you'll learn

  1. 1

    Imagine holding a cup of hot tea ☕. The heat from the tea moves into your hand — that's thermal energy flowing!

  2. 2

    Which way does heat flow?

  3. 3

    Drag the slider to show how hot your tea is — 60°C is a good drinking temperature!

  4. 4

    Let's find out how much heat energy is needed to warm up a cup of water.

  5. 5

    Now you try! Calculate the energy needed to heat 0.5 kg of water by 20°C.

  6. 6

    What is the specific heat capacity of water?

  7. 7

    If you double the mass of water, what happens to the energy needed?

Practise Thermal physics with Whizlo

Free AI-tutored lessons, unlimited practice questions, and progress tracking for ages 16–18. Aligned to the UK National Curriculum.