GeographyYear 9

Rivers and coasts: processes and landforms

Learn Rivers and coasts: processes and landforms for Year 9 pupils (ages 13–14). Free practice questions, lessons and worked examples — aligned to the UK National Curriculum.

What you'll learn

  1. 1

    Rivers and coasts are shaped by erosion, transport and deposition.

  2. 2

    A waterfall forms where hard rock lies over soft. The soft rock erodes faster, undercutting the hard rock until it collapses — and the waterfall retreats upstream, leaving a gorge.

  3. 3

    Why does a waterfall retreat upstream?

  4. 4

    What comes after an arch collapses?

  5. 5

    Apply it: a waterfall forms where hard rock overlies soft. The soft rock erodes faster, undercutting the hard rock until it collapses — and the waterfall retreats upstream, leaving a gorge.

  6. 6

    What is left behind as a waterfall retreats upstream?

  7. 7

    Why does a waterfall undercut the hard rock above it?

Practise Rivers and coasts: processes and landforms with Whizlo

Free AI-tutored lessons, unlimited practice questions, and progress tracking for ages 13–14. Aligned to the UK National Curriculum.