ScienceYear 9Biology

Inheritance, variation and evolution

Learn Inheritance, variation and evolution for Year 9 pupils (ages 13–14). Free practice questions, lessons and worked examples — aligned to the UK National Curriculum.

What you'll learn

  1. 1

    Genes are sections of DNA that carry instructions. You inherit one copy of each gene from each parent.

  2. 2

    If an allele is dominant, one copy is enough to show. A recessive feature needs two copies — which is why it can skip a generation and reappear.

  3. 3

    How many copies of a recessive allele are needed for the feature to show?

  4. 4

    Common error: "giraffes stretched their necks and passed that on." They did not. Variation already existed; longer-necked giraffes survived better and had more offspring.

  5. 5

    What does natural selection act on?

  6. 6

    Apply it: two brown-furred rabbits, each carrying one white allele (Bb), have offspring. The cross gives BB, Bb, Bb, bb — a 1 in 4 chance of a white rabbit.

  7. 7

    Two Bb parents. What is the chance of a bb offspring?

Practise Inheritance, variation and evolution with Whizlo

Free AI-tutored lessons, unlimited practice questions, and progress tracking for ages 13–14. Aligned to the UK National Curriculum.